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[资源] 软材料的结构及动力学（Soft Materials: Structure and Dynamics ）

Soft Materials: Structure and Dynamics
论坛原链接http://muchong.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=412746&fpage=1&target=blank已过期
By John R. Dutcher (Editor), Alejandro G. Marangoni (Editor)
* Publisher: CRC
* Number Of Pages: 424
* Publication Date: 2004-10-01

Table of contents :
SOFT MATERIALS: Structure and Dynamics......Page 3
Preface......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
Contributors......Page 9
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 12
A. The Glass Transition......Page 13
B. Motion of Polymer Molecules on Different Length Scales in Bulk Samples......Page 16
C. Effects of Confinement on Motion of Polymer Molecules......Page 18
II. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES......Page 19
1. Supported Films......Page 20
2. Freely Standing Films......Page 24
B. Whole-Chain Motion in Thin Polymer Films......Page 28
1. Diffusion in Thin Polymer Films......Page 29
2. Dewetting and Hole Growth......Page 30
1. Scanning Probe Microscopy......Page 33
2. Relaxation of a Perturbed Free Surface......Page 34
3. Embedding of Small Particles in a Free Surface......Page 35
A. Computer Simulations of Confined Polymer Molecules......Page 36
B. Theories for Enhanced Mobility in Thin Films......Page 38
A. Mobility on Different Length Scales......Page 40
B. Length Scale for Changes in Mobility......Page 41
C. Nonequilibrium Nature of Thin Polymer Films......Page 43
V. SUMMARY......Page 44
REFERENCES......Page 45
I. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION......Page 50
II. CRYSTALLINITY AND GROWTH RATES OF POLYMER THIN AND ULTRATHIN FILMS......Page 52
III. MORPHOLOGY OF POLYMER THIN AND ULTRATHIN FILMS......Page 59
IV. THIN FILMS AS A TOOL FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF POLYMERS......Page 67
V. CRYSTALLIZATION OF MISCIBLE PCL/PVC BLENDS......Page 71
VI. CONFINED POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION IN BLOCK COPOLYMER FILMS......Page 76
VII. CONCLUSIONS......Page 78
REFERENCES......Page 79
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 84
A. Static Properties of Polymer Chains......Page 85
B. Dynamics of Polymer Chains......Page 87
C. Real Chains and Real Solvents......Page 88
A. Stretching an Ideal FJC: The Stress Ensemble......Page 89
C. Stretching a Real Chain: Scaling Arguments......Page 91
D. Wormlike Chains......Page 92
III. POLYMER STRETCHING OVER POTENTIAL BARRIERS......Page 94
IV. POLYMER–OBSTACLE COLLISIONS......Page 99
A. Mechanical Forces......Page 100
B. Fluid-Induced Polymer Motion......Page 104
C. Polymer–Polymer Collisions......Page 105
V. TETHERED POLYMER CHAINS AND STRONG SHEAR FLOWS......Page 106
A. Fluctuations of a Tethered Polymer in Shear Flow......Page 108
B. Extensions of a Tethered Polymer in Shear Flow......Page 109
VI. POLYMER STRETCHING DURING ELECTROPHORESIS......Page 111
VII. CONCLUSION......Page 113
REFERENCES......Page 114
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 118
II. SIMULATION......Page 119
A. Local Structure......Page 120
B. Local and Bulk Dynamics......Page 123
A. Role of Interactions on Particle Clustering......Page 126
B. Relating Material Structure and Properties......Page 129
C. Physical Mechanism Controlling Clustering......Page 130
V. CONCLUSION......Page 133
REFERENCES......Page 134
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 136
II. BACKGROUND......Page 137
A. Nucleation......Page 141
B. Crystal Growth......Page 143
C. Alkane Crystals......Page 145
A. Nucleation Promoters......Page 146
B. Kinetic Inhibitors......Page 147
C. Control of Growth Shape......Page 151
D. Examples of Crystallization Inhibition......Page 153
V. STUDIES OF n-ALKANE INHIBITORS......Page 154
A. Standard Tests......Page 155
C. Studies of the n-Alkane Crystals......Page 156
D. Nucleation Studies......Page 157
G. Effects of the n-Alkane Mass Distribution......Page 159
VI. CONCLUSIONS......Page 161
REFERENCES......Page 162
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 166
II. X-RAY CONFINEMENT CELLS......Page 168
III. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS......Page 172
IV. COMPETITION BETWEEN SHEAR AND CONFINEMENT......Page 174
V. SHEAR-INDUCED ORIENTATION......Page 177
VI. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONFINING SURFACES......Page 178
VII. TIME-DEPENDENT STRUCTURAL EFFECTS......Page 181
REFERENCES......Page 186
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 190
II. RHEOLOGY OF DILUTE DISPERSIONS......Page 191
A. Linear Viscoelastic Behavior of Dilute Dispersions......Page 194
III. RHEOLOGY OF CONCENTRATED DISPERSIONS......Page 195
A. New Viscosity Models for Concentrated Dispersions......Page 196
B. New Linear Viscoelastic Models for Concentrated Dispersions......Page 198
A. Model Predictions......Page 200
B. Comparison with Experimental Data......Page 204
V. CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 208
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 209
REFERENCES......Page 210
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 212
II. PROTEIN INTERMEDIATE STRUCTURES AND UNFOLDING EXPERIMENTS......Page 215
III. COMPUTER SIMULATIONS OF STRETCHING A PROTEIN......Page 217
IV. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS METHOD......Page 219
V. Beta-BARREL MODEL IN AN ELONGATIONAL FLOW......Page 222
VI. Beta-BARREL MODEL IN A UNIFORM FLOW......Page 224
VII. UNIFORM FLOW AND THE FORCE–EXTENSION CURVE......Page 228
VIII. THERMAL HEATING AND FLOW STRETCHING SIMULATIONS......Page 231
IX. CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 234
REFERENCES......Page 235
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 238
II. RECOMBINANT PEPSINOGEN AND INCLUSION BODIES......Page 239
III. RATIONALE OF PROSEGMENT RESEARCH......Page 243
IV. RATIONALE OF FLAP LOOP REGION......Page 246
V. STABILITY OF THE PROTEIN......Page 251
VI. CHARGE DISTRIBUTION......Page 253
VII. N-TERMINUS......Page 254
VIII. DISULFIDE LINKAGE......Page 262
IX. POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION......Page 263
X. EXAMINATION OF NONMAMMALIAN AP: PLANT......Page 267
XI. RATIONALE FOR RATIONAL REDESIGN RESEARCH......Page 269
REFERENCES......Page 273
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 276
III. DISSIPATIVE PARTICLE DYNAMICS......Page 278
IV. VELOCITY–VERLET ALGORITHM......Page 280
V. FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS OF DPDs......Page 281
VI. AN EXAMPLE. A LARGE SPHERICAL BEAD MOVING UNDER A CONSTANT APPLIED FORCE THROUGH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF LINEAR, SEMIFLEXIBLE POLYMERS......Page 283
REFERENCES......Page 287
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 290
II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES USED IN THE STUDY OF SHEAR EFFECTS......Page 292
III. CRYSTALLINE ORIENTATION......Page 294
IV. PHASE BEHAVIOR UNDER SHEAR......Page 303
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 306
REFERENCES......Page 307
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 310
II. STRUCTURE OF FROZEN SYSTEMS......Page 311
1. Nucleation, Growth, and Ice Crystal Size Distributions......Page 312
2. Effect of Solutes, Freeze Concentration, and Ice-Phase Volume......Page 314
B. Glass Transition of the Unfrozen Phase......Page 317
2. Meat and Myosystems......Page 321
3. Solutions, Macromolecular Dispersions, and Gels......Page 322
A. Shelf Life......Page 323
B. Moisture Migration......Page 324
C. Ice Recrystallization......Page 325
IV. CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE......Page 327
REFERENCES......Page 328
A. Classification......Page 332
B. Regular Cellular Structures......Page 333
C. The Softness of Cellular Solids......Page 334
A. Biochemical Self Assembly......Page 335
1. Nucleation......Page 336
2. Growth of Nuclei into Gas Cells......Page 337
A. Defining Structure......Page 338
B. Measuring Structure......Page 339
B. Optical Properties......Page 342
C. Mechanical Properties......Page 343
2. Cell Wall Dimensions......Page 345
4. Anisotropy......Page 348
5. Fluid Effects......Page 349
1. Transport of Molecules......Page 350
2. Thermal Transport......Page 351
3. Electrical Properties......Page 353
4. Acoustic Permeability......Page 354
V. FUTURE PROSPECTS......Page 356
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 357
REFERENCES......Page 358
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 362
A. Diffusion......Page 363
B. Hydrodynamics......Page 365
C. Binding and Unbinding......Page 366
D. Reorganization......Page 369
E. Deformation and Sintering......Page 370
F. External Forcing......Page 371
A. The Flory–Stockmayer Model......Page 373
B. Percolation Theory......Page 375
C. Smoluchowski Theory......Page 377
D. Fractal Aggregation Models......Page 378
E. Discussion......Page 382
IV. NUMERICAL SIMULATION TECHNIQUES......Page 383
B. Brownian Dynamics Technique......Page 384
C. Stokesian Dynamics......Page 385
E. Dissipative Particle Dynamics......Page 386
V. RESULTS OF SIMULATION TECHNIQUES......Page 387
REFERENCES......Page 394

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