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【答案】应助回帖
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四分之一夏: 金币+15, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★很有帮助, 谢谢，已经很好了 2013-04-24 12:19:51
The design of chemosensors for the detection of heavy and transition metal ions are particularly attractive, because these ions play important roles in living systems and have an extremely toxic impact on the environment [1e4].
由于重金属以及过渡金属离子在日常生活体系中扮演着重要的角色以及对环境具有毒害作用，设计检测重金属以及过渡金属离子的化学传感器是非常有吸引力的[1e4]。
Among transition-metal ions, mercury is considered as one of the most dangerous cations for the environment. Mercury can accumulate in the human body, its high affinity for thiol groups in proteins and enzymes lead to the dysfunction of cells and consequently causing health problems, such as prenatal brain damage, serious cognitive and minamata disease [5e7].
在所有的过渡金属离子中，汞被认为是对环境危害最大的一种离子。汞可以在人身体中聚集，它对蛋白质中硫醇基团以及酶类的高亲和力会导致细胞功能性障碍，并最终引起健康问题，比如：产前脑损伤、严重的认知力下降和水俣病[5e7]
Al3þ widely exists within the environment due to acidic rain and human activities. The increase of Al3þ concentration in the environment is not only detrimental to growing plants but also damages many biological functions. Excessive exposure of the human body to Al3þ leads to a wide range of diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, etc. [8e10].
由于酸雨以及人类的活动，Al3þ广泛存在于环境中。Al3þ在环境中浓度的升高不仅不利于农作物的生长，同时会损害很多生物学功能。人体长时间接触Al3þ会导致很多种类的疾病，比如：阿尔茨海默氏症,帕金森氏病等[8e10]。
Many detection methods for the quantitative analysis of Hg2þ in water samples include atomic absorption spectroscopy, cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and gas chromatography, which usually require complicated, multistep sample preparation and sophisticated instrumentation [11e14].
很多种检测水中Hg2þ含量的分析方法都非常复杂，而且（过程中包含）多步样品制备和（使用）先进的仪器。这些方法包括：原子力吸收光谱，冷蒸气原子荧光光谱法、气相色谱法[11e14]。
Fluorescence analysis offers significant advantages over other methods for metal ion detection and measurement due to its simplicity, high sensitivity, low cost and instantaneous response [15]. In recent years, progress in the area of chemosensors has contributed significantly to the development of a variety of Al3þ sensors based on triazole, Schiff’s base and coumarin Refs. [16e18].
由于荧光分析具有简便，高灵敏度，低成本以及瞬时相应等优点，与其它金属离子检测以及测量的方法相比较具有非常大的优势[15]。在最近几年，在化学敏感（元件）方面的进步在很大程度上促进了各种基于三唑、希夫碱和香豆素的Al3þ敏感器的发展[16e18]。
Unfortunately, some of the Al3þ sensors have disadvantages such as poor water-solubility or UV light excitation [8,19,20]. So few Al3þ sensors have been reported up to now. Mercury-selective fluorescent sensors have been reported in the past where in most cases the presence of mercury can cause fluorescence quenching of the fluorophores via the spin orbit coupling effect or complicated synthesis methods [21e23].
然而，某些Al3þ敏感器具有自身的缺点，比如：水溶性差或者紫外线激发等问题[8,19,20]。因此，很少有关于Al3þ敏感器的报道。在过去，已经有一些关于汞-选择性荧光敏感器的报道，这些报道中，大部分是由于汞的存在会通过自旋轨道耦合效应以及复杂的合成过程引起荧光的荧光团抑制作用 [21e23]。
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