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Chem. Soc. Rev 最新更新Nov. 22, 2012:量子点生物纳米毒性评估
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量子点发现及其应用曾被汤森路透认为是2012诺贝尔化学奖的有力竞争之一。其在光电子学领域、生物传感领域、生命成像领域、医学药物靶向领域都有十分广阔的应用前景。 由于量子点在药物以及生命医学领域应用前景广阔，前期研究可以进一步促进体内诊断或临床应用。但量子点包含的重金属是否会损伤细胞或者对生命体造成毒害？很多文献表明一定量的范围内在细胞或者一些生物体内基本是无毒的。但是对于人体情况若何？怎样评估量子点的纳米毒性？其标准又是什么？作为临床应用的量子点纳米毒性还有那些问题要解决？这些都是本文将会涉及的问题。 Nanotoxicity assessment of quantum dots: from cellular to primate studies Tremendous research efforts have been devoted to fabricating high quality quantum dots (QDs) for applications in biology and medicine. Much of this research was pursued with an ultimate goal of using QDs in clinical applications. However, a great deal of concern has been voiced about the potential hazards of QDs due to their heavy-metal content. Many studies have demonstrated toxicity of various QDs in cell culture studies. However, in a smaller number of studies using small animal models (mice and rats), no abnormal behaviour or tissue damage was noticed over periods of months after the systemic administration of QDs. Nevertheless, the correlation of these results with the potential for negative effects of QD on humans remains unclear. Many urgent questions must be answered before the QDs community moves into the clinical research phase. This review provides an overview of the toxicity assessment of QDs, ranging from cell culture studies to animal models and discusses their findings. Guidelines for using various nonhuman primate models for QD toxicity studies are highlighted. This review article is intended to promote the awareness of current developments of QD applications in biology, the potential toxicity of QDs, and approaches to minimizing toxicity.  c2cs35392j.jpg |
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