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一本量子光学
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The Quantum Theory of Light。 Contents Introduction: The phowii 1 1 Planck's radiation law and the Einstein coefficients 3 1.1 Density of field modes in a cavity 4 1.2 Quantization of the field energy 7 1.3 Planck's law 10 1.4 Fluctuations in photon number 13 1.5 Einstein's A and B coefficients 16 1.6 Characteristics of the three Einstein transitions 19 1.7 Optical excitation of two-level atoms 23 1.8 Theory of optical attenuation 27 1.9 Population inversion: optical amplification 31 1.10 The laser 35 1.11 Radiation pressure 40 References 44 2 Quartum r-e,chanics of the atom—radiation interaction 46 2.1 Time-dependent quantum mechanics 46 2.2 Form of the interaction Hamiltonian 49 2.3 Expressions for the Einstein coefficients 52 2.4 The Dirac delta-function and Fermi's golden rule 57 2.5 Radiative broadening and linear susceptibility 60 2.6 Doppler broadening and composite lineshape 65 2.7 The optical Bloch equations 68 2.8 Power broadening 72 2.9 Collision broadening 76 2.10 Bloch equations and rate equations 79 References 81 3 Classical theory of optical fluctuations and coherence 82 3.1 Models of chaotic light sources 83 3.2 The lossless optical beam-splitter 88 3.3 The Mach—Zehnder interferometer 91 3.4 Degree of first-order coherence 94 3.5 Interference fringes and frequency spectra 100 3.6 Intensity fluctuations of chaotic light 103 3.7 Degree of second-order coherence 107 3.8 The Brown-Twiss interferometer 114 3.9 Semiclassical theory of optical detection 117 References 123 Quantization of the radiation field 125 4.1 Potential theory for the classical electromagnetic field 126 4.2 The free classical field 130 4.3 The quantum-mechanical harmonic oscillator 133 4.4 Quantization of the electromagnetic field 139 4.5 Canonical commutation relation 144 4.6 Pure states and statistical mixtures 148 4.7 Time development of quantum-optical systems 153 4.8 Interaction of the quantized field with atoms 155 4.9 Second quantization of the atomic Hamiltonian 162 4.10 Photon absorption and emission rates 168 4.11 The photon intensity operator 173 4.12 Quantum degrees of first and second-order coherence 176 References 178 Single-mode quantum optics 180 5.1 Single-mode field operators 181 5.2 Number states 184 5.3 Coherent states 190 5.4 Chaotic light 199 5.5 The squeezed vacuum 201 5.6 Squeezed coherent states 206 5.7 Beam-splitter input-output relations 212 5.8 Single-photon input 216 5.9 Arbitrary single-arm input 221 5.10 Nonclassical light 227 References 231 Multimode and continuous-megle cnturn optics 233 6.1 Multimode states 234 6.2 Continuous-mode field operators 237 6.3 Number states 242 6.4 Coherent states 245 6.5 Chaotic light: photon bunching and antibunching 248 6.6 The Mach-Zehnder interferometer 251 6.7 Photon pair states 253 6.8 Two-photon interference 260 6.9 Squeezed light 265 6.10 Quantum theory of direct detection 271 6.11 Homodyne detection 278 6.12 The electromagnetic vacuum 284 References 286 7 Optical generation, attenuation and amplification 288 7.1 Single-mode photon rate equations 289 7.2 Solutions for fixed atomic populations 292 7.3 Single-mode laser theory 297 7.4 Fluctuations in laser light 304 7.5 Travelling-wave attenuation 310 7.6 Travelling-wave amplification 319 7.7 Dynamics of the atom—radiation system 324 7.8 The source-field expression 328 7.9 Emission by a driven atom 331 References 337 8 Resonance fluorescence and light scattering 339 8.1 The scattering cross-section 340 8.2 Resonance fluorescence 344 8.3 Weak incident beam 348 8.4 Single-atom resonance fluorescence 352 8.5 Quantum jumps 360 8.6 Two-photon cascade emission 365 8.7 The Kramers—Heisenberg formula 371 8.8 Elastic Rayleigh scattering 374 8.9 Inelastic Raman scattering 378 References 381 9 Nonlinear quantum optics 383 9.1 The nonlinear susceptibility 383 9.2 Electromagnetic field quantization in media 389 9.3 Second-harmonic generation 393 9.4 Parametric down-conversion 398 9.5 Parametric amplification 404 9.6 Self-phase modulation 411 9.7 Single-beam two-photon absorption 417 9.8 Conclusion 425 References 426 Index 429 [ Last edited by lpszk on 2011-5-11 at 11:15 ] |
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