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sunxuefei

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利用废水中富含的各类营养物质进行适用于能源制备的含油微生物藻类培养的研究工作只是最近几年才开始。早期，人们通过利用藻类的培养，实现有效地吸收水体中的营养物质、降解有毒污染物、富集重金属离子、提高水体的pH和溶解氧，并回收藻类富集的重金属，从而达到废水处理的目的。1957年Oswald和Gotaas发表了应用藻类处理污水中的氮磷营养的报道，藻类开始了大规模培养在水处理中的应用。微藻可利用海水、盐碱水、农业废水、工厂废水进行培养，微藻的培养还可利用工业废气中的二氧化碳，缓解温室气体的排放，也可以吸收工业废气中的氨氮化合物，减少环境污染。近年来，微藻生物能源引起了越来越多的关注。早在20世纪50年代，美国麻省理工学院就在校园内建筑物的屋顶开始进行养殖藻类生产生物燃料的试验，并在研究报告中第一次提到了藻类生物燃料。1978年，美国生物Department of Engery’s Office of Fuels Development设立了Aquatic Species Program（ASP）项目，专门研究通过微藻生产可持续再生的生物新能源。微藻污水处理与生物燃料生产耦合的研究直到近年来才见报道。吴梦研究了CO2浓度和初始pH对废水中C. reinhardtii生长以及细胞干重的影响，藻细胞最大生长速率为20.0g•L-1•Day-1，N、P移除率分别为4.36%和5.08%。何文等人用奶牛粪便污水来培养小球藻，生物量较高为5.6g/m2，脂肪酸含量为32.31g/m2，总氮移除率为6～9%，总磷移除率为2～9%。

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1楼 2011-01-11 08:49:32

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sltmac

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sunxuefei(金币+77, 翻译EPI+1): 2011-01-12 23:48:04

The researches of the various types of nutrients in the waste water were used for the culture of oily microorganism algae began only in recent years. In early stage, the culture of algae was used to achieve effective absorption of nutrients in water, degradation of toxic pollutants, accumulation of heavy metals, increased the pH and dissolved oxygen of water, and recovery of heavy metals enrichment in algae to achieve the waste-water treatment purposes. The application of algae for treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage was reported by Oswald and Gotaas in 1957. Microalgae can be cultivated by salt water, saline-alkali water, agricultural sewage, industrial sewage, Microalgae can absorb carbon dioxide released by the industrial and reduce greenhouse gases; and Microalgae also can absorb the ammonia nitrogen compounds in industrial wastes and reduce environmental pollution. In recent years, microalgal biomass energy has attracted much attention. Early in the middle of 20th century, Massachusetts Institute of Technology has begun to cultivate algal on the roof of a building on campus to produce bio-fuel, and mentioned the “algae bio-fuel.” for the first time in the research report. In 1978, the American Institute of Biological Department of Engery's Office of Fuels Development established the Aquatic Species Program (ASP) program, specializing in the research of sustainable regeneration of new energy by microalgae. The research of microalgae wastewater treatment coupled with the production of bio-fuel has been reported in recent years The influence of CO2 concentration and initial pH of the wastewater to the C. reinhardtii growth and cell dry weight were discussed by Wu Meng, and the results show that the maximum growth rate of algal cells is 20.0g • L-1 • Day-1, and N, P removal rates is 4.36 % and 5.08%.Ho and co-workers cultivated the chlorella by cow dung water, the high biomass was 5.6g/m2, fatty acids were 32.31g/m2, total nitrogen removal rate was 6 to 9%, total phosphorus removal rate was 2 ~ 9%.