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¡¾·ÖÏí¡¿Mathematical Fallacies and Paradoxes.Dover.1982¡¾ÒÑËÑÎÞÖØ¸´¡¿
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Mathematical Fallacies and Paradoxes ÃâÔðÉùÃ÷ ±¾×ÊÔ´À´×ÔÓÚ»¥ÁªÍø£¬½ö¹©ÍøÂç²âÊÔÖ®Óã¬ÇëÎñ±ØÔÚÏÂÔØºó24СʱÄÚɾ³ý£¡ËùÓÐ×ÊÔ´²»Éæ¼°ÈκÎÉÌÒµÓÃ;¡£·¢ÌûÈ˲»³Ðµ£ÓÉÏÂÔØÊ¹ÓÃÕßÒý·¢µÄÒ»Çз¨ÂÉÔðÈμ°Á¬´øÔðÈΣ¡ Öø×÷Ȩ¹éÔ×÷Õß»ò³ö°æÉçËùÓС£Î´¾·¢ÌùÈËconanwjÐí¿É£¬ÑϽûÈκÎÈËÒÔÈκÎÐÎʽתÌù±¾ÎÄ£¬Î¥Õ߱ؾ¿£¡ Èç¹û±¾ÌûÇÖ·¸ÄúµÄÖø×÷Ȩ£¬ÇëÓëconanwjÁªÏµ£¬ÊÕµ½Í¨ÖªºóÎÒÃǽ«Á¢¼´É¾³ý´ËÌû£¡ Authors(Editors): Bryan Bunch Publisher: Dover Pub Date: 1982 Pages: 224 ISBN: 0-486-29664-4 Preface This book is a collection and analysis of the most interesting paradoxes and fallacies from mathematics, logic, physics, and language. It also treats important results in mathematics that are based in paradox, notably GOdel's theorem of 1931 and decision problems in general. The material is arranged so that the rather tenuous relationship between mathematical reality and physical reality becomes the subject of the book, while the paradoxes and fallacies are tools for exploring this relationship. As a result, although the material contains a number of topics that are often presented in an anthology format, there is a definite progression from the first chapter to the eighth. It is possible, however, to read most of the individual paradoxes or fallacies in whatever order takes one's fancy. The first three chapters are largely concerned with examples that today are generally classed as fallacies. As such, they have specific defects in the mathematics, defects upon which all mathematicians are in agreement. It seems appropriate to encourage the reader to try finding those defects. Therefore, I stop at a point where the presentation of the fallacy is complete and ask: Can You Find the Flaw? I also provide a hint. The remaining chapters deal with topics for which there is no single, accepted explanation, so this feature is dropped in Chapters 4 through 8. I assume throughout that the reader has some experience with the content of first-year high-school algebra. A few of the results also draw upon parts of high-school geometry. Any mathematics that is needed beyond these levels is developed as a topic in the body of the book. This includes a brief introduction to the basic ideas of complex numbers in Chapter I; mathematical indu~tion, the notion of the limit of a series, and some ideas from probability in Chapter 2; indirect proof in Chapter 3; and elementary set theory in Chapter 5. These are all necessary to a complete understanding of many of the paradoxes. Even so, there are some mathematical complexities that I have omitted deliberately. For example, the discussion of Godel's incompleteness theorem is necessarily simplified (even the type of incompleteness to which it applies is omitted), as is the analysis of special relativity. These simplifications in no way affect the results stated. In a few cases, it has seemed better to state results without proof, rather than to become bogged down in lengthy and difficult mathematical development. I wish to express my gratitude to Dr. Phillip S. Jones of the University of Michigan for his thoughtful comments on much of the material in the manuscript; and to my wife, Mary, for retyping the whole manuscript, as well as for her help and support in so many other ways. Briarcliff Manor, NY B.H.B. ±¾×ÊÔ´¹²7¸ö¿ÉÑ¡ÍøÂçÓ²ÅÌÁ´½Ó£¬8.67 MB¡£ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- https://rapidshare.com/files/358 ... Dover.p224.1997.rar https://uploading.com/files/763c ... over.p224.1997.rar/ https://www.easy-share.com/1909448054/Mathematical Fallacies and Paradoxes.Dover.p224.1997.rar https://depositfiles.com/files/uqrfhjoew https://www.sendspace.com/file/iusne7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [ Last edited by javeey on 2010-5-6 at 20:25 ] |
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