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[优秀文章推荐] 基因可变剪接调控小麦抗旱耐热机理研究中取得新进展 已有1人参与
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Heat and drought stress enhanced occurrence of alternative splicing in wheat 中国农业大学孙其信团队在Plant Biotechnology Journal在线发表了“基因可变剪接调控小麦抗旱耐热机理研究中取得新进展”的研究论文。该研究从全基因组水平上分析了小麦苗期响应高温干旱的可变剪接基因，并分析了其与差异表达基因的关系，为小麦抗旱耐热分子机制研究提供了新的重要线索。 小麦产量与品质直接关系着我国粮食安全和人民生活水平。随着温室效应加剧，全球平均气温不断升高，据估算，在小麦生长季节内，温度每升高1℃，产量将下降6%左右，并致使品质变劣。另外，干旱常伴随高温出现，形成干热风，危害面积可达小麦种植面积的2/3，使小麦减产10%～20%。干旱和高温胁迫已经成为影响小麦产量的重要限制因素，因此解析抗旱耐热的分子机理对培育出小麦新品种具有理论和实践意义。 该研究团队利用生物信息学方法分析了小麦苗期响应高温、干旱以及高温干旱共胁迫条件下的转录组数据，首次从全基因组水平上鉴定了响应逆境的可变剪接基因数目、种类及其功能类别，并且发现小麦部分同源基因在响应高温干旱胁迫时可变剪接模式发生了分化，暗示了其功能发生了分化，这可能与小麦多倍化后具有更广泛的适应性密切相关。另外，通过比较不同胁迫下的基因差异表达谱和可变剪接表达谱数据，作者发现基因差异表达响应干旱胁迫时起主导作用，而基因可变剪接和差异表达在响应高温时共同发挥着重要作用，为研究小麦抗旱耐热机理提供了新的线索。 Plant can acquire tolerance to environmental stresses via tranome reprogramming at tranional and alternative splicing (AS) levels. However, how AS coordinates with tranional regulation to contribute to abiotic stresses responses is still ambiguous. In the present study, we performed genome-wide analyses of AS responses to drought stress (DS), heat stress (HS) and their combination (HD) in wheat seedlings, and further compared them with tranional responses. In total, we found 200, 3,576, and 4,056 genes exhibiting significant AS pattern changes in response to DS, HS and HD, respectively, and combined drought and heat stress can induce specific AS compared with individual one. In addition, wheat homeologous genes exhibited differential AS responses under stress conditions that more AS events occurred on B subgenome than on A and D genomes. Comparison of genes regulated at AS and tranional levels showed that only 12% of DS induced AS genes were subjected to tranional regulation, whereas the proportion increased to ~40% under HS and HD. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that abiotic stress responsive pathways tended to be highly overrepresented among these overlapped genes under HS and HD. Thus, we proposed that tranional regulation may play a major role in response to DS, which coordinates with AS regulation to contribute to HS and HD tolerance in wheat. |
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