| 查看: 641 | 回复: 1 | ||
| 【奖励】 本帖被评价1次，作者weiyong2增加金币 0.6 个 | ||
[资源]
医学科研论文的格式简明版
|
||
|
医学科研论文的格式简明版 1、标题（title） 2、摘要（abstract） 3、引言（introduction） 4、材料和方法（materialsand methods） 5、结果（results） 6、讨论（discussion） 7、致谢（acknowledgement） 8、参考文献（references） 1、标题 1）要求 简明扼要（shortand concise）：尽量控制在一行，但不是一个句子；不超过25个单词或120-140个字母；除DNA、RNA、CT等不用缩写。 A. 信息丰富（informative） B. 便于索引（indexing） C. 较长标题可采用副标题 2）标题写作中常用词组和表达方式 用…（方法／手段）对…进行研究／分析／观察／评价： Study(analysis/observation/evaluation/assessment)of (on) … by (using 方法/with工具) A对B的作用 EffortofA on B Protective effect of omeprazole onendothelin-induced gastric mucosal injury A与B的关系 Correlation(relation/relationship)between A and B Correlationof A with B and C 常用修饰词 positively/negatively/significantly/insignificantly 用…治疗… Useof …in the treatment of …(病）in…（生物） Useof omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer in the elderly A是B A as B 2、摘要 1）摘要分类 摘要是作者要给读者的精华，从内容上分两大类： A. 指示性摘要 B. 资料性摘要 从结构分为三大类： A. 非结构式摘要 B. 全结构式摘要 C. 半结构式摘要 2）非结构式摘要 缺点：段落不明，给编辑、审稿、阅读和计算机处理带来诸多不便 3）全结构式摘要 八要素摘要：目的，设计，地点，对象，处理，主要测定项目，结果，结论。 优点：观点更明确，信息量更大；差错更少；符合计算机数据库建立和使用要求。 缺点：烦琐、重复、篇幅过长 4）半结构式摘要 即为四要素摘要： 目的（objective/purpose/aim） 方法（methods） 结果（results） 结论（conclusion） 3、目的 目的是作者想要介绍的关键问题。 1）目的格式 单表目的 背景＋目的 2）目的常用时态 背景：现在时（一般现在时、完成时和进行时） 目的：一般现在时／现在完成时，或一般过去时 举例1： Toevaluate the effects on 24-hour intragastric pH levels of infusionswithomeprazole and H2 receptor antagonists in bleeding duodenal ulcerpatients. 举例2： Therole of omeprazole in triple therapy and the impact of Helicobacterpyloriresistance on treatment outcome are not established. This studyinvestigatedthe role of omeprazole and influence of primary H. pyloriresistance oneradication and development of secondary resistance. 3）介绍目的常用句型 主要用动词不定式to表达 直接用“todo短语”表达 举例1： Todetermine if use of omeprazole protects against the gastric mucosalinjury Thepurpose/aim/objective/goal (of present study is) was to 举例2： Theaim ofthis study was to determine the protective function ofomeprazole on gastricmucosal injury. Thepresent study is /was designed/devised/intended to 举例3： Thepresent study was designed to establish whether there might be agenetic pred is position to an altered pattern of anti-inflammatorycytokine produced inpatients with irritable bowel syndrome. Thisstudy was performed/conducted/carried out/under taken to 举例4： Anexperimental study was conducted using a canine mode to elucidate … Weaimed/sought to/attempted to 举例5： Wesought to assess whether there is an increased risk of tuberculosisamong individuals who work in certain industries occupations. 4）介绍目的常用动词 研究：study,investigate,examine, observe, explore 举例： Ourobjective in this report is to examine the clinical feature,pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer. 评价：evaluate,validate 举例： Toevaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency roompatientswith abdominal trauma. 确定：determine,decide,confirm, support, define, characterize 证实：prove,demonstrate,document, test, support, testify, verify 阐明、搞清：explain,elucidate,clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to theknowledgeof 介绍：describe,present,report 建立：establish,develop,set out 寻找：searchfor,look for, seek, find 识别、区分：identify,differentiate,discriminate 优选：optimize 比较：compare 回顾：review 相关：correlateAwith B 4、方法部分 研究设计； 研究对象的特性； 干预或处理方法； 测定或观察方法。 1）研究对象的选择、来源及标准 纳入研究：wereentered into/enrolled in/selected (randomly) 举例：Atotal of 169 patients were included in the study, 83 of whomreceived…… 排除或退出研究：wereexcluded from participation，withdrew from the study due to/because to 举例：……Patientswith significant aortic valvular diseases were excluded. 2）研究对象的分组 ……were divided into/classified/grouped into ……weredivided randomly/randomized into ……weredivided equally into 举例：Patientswere divided into three groups: Group 1…… Patients (n = 539) witha history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening testresult were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mgomeprazole, …… 3）年龄 某一年龄 举例：A50-year-old patient. Patients (age 26±3 years). 在某年龄范围内及平均年龄 举例：Patientsrange in age from …to…, with a mean of (50 years). 在某一年龄以上或以下 举例：Patientsmore than 50 years. Patients under/less than 50 years. 4）性别、时间 性别 twelve patients (7 male and 5 female ) The male-to-female ratio was 1:4 时间 Body weight was measured weekly, and liver biopsy was obtained at 4,8 and 12 weeks.…… 5）诊断与治疗 诊断 be diagnosed as having … be diagnosed as …by …/with … besuspected as … 治疗 be treated with…(alone or in combination with …) be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis 举例：Patients(n= 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pyloriscreening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC groupreceived 20 mg omeprazole, … 举例：50patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assignedto receiveone of the four treatment regimens. … 5、结果部分 是文章结论的根据，应记录真实的科研数据，除指示性说明外，一般用过去时表示。 常用句型 结果表明 Theresults showed / demonstrated / revealed /documented /indicated/suggested…that…； Itwas found that… 举例：Theresults showed that high thigh cuff Doppler technique was 79 percentsensitive, 56 percent specific and 63 percent accurate. 与…有关 Awas related / correlated /associated with B. There was a relationship/correlation between A and B. There was a relation of A with B and C 举例：Insulin sensitivity index was negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530,P<0.05), bodymass index (r=o.563, P<0.01) and baselineinsulinemia (r=0.489, P<0.05) 增加或减少 表示数值增加的动词：increase,rise,elevate 表示数值增加的名词：increase,increment,elevation 表示数值减少的动词：decrease,reduce,fall, drop, decline, lower 表示数值减少的名词：decrease,decrement,reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering 从…增加到…，平均增加…：increasefrom…to …, with a mean/average (increase) of … 从…增加到…，总的增加…：increasefrom…to …, with an overall increase of … 增加了10％：increaseby(10%) 倍数比较 增加或减少3倍：increaseby3 fold (times); a 3-fold increase A是B的3倍：Ais 3 fold (times) as…as B. A is 3 fold (times) B 结果的统计学意义 明显不同（significantdifference） 很明显不同（very/highlysignificant difference） 区别不明显（insignificantdifference） 无区别（nonsignificantdifference/no difference） 统计学意义常用句型 Therewas/is significant difference in…between A and B Thedifference in …between A and B was/is significant Awas/is significant difference from B in … Nosignificant difference was found / observed / noted in …between Aand B “in”表示区分的性质或内容 举例1：Therewere no significant difference between treatment groups in symptoms andlung function (P>0.05). 举例2：Significantdifference were not noted in the level of HDL cholesterol, and LDLpeakparticle diameter before and after treatment. 6、结论部分 是作者发表观点和见解，给读者的精髓部分归纳性说明研究结果或发现结论性说明结果的可能原因、机理或意义前瞻性说明未解决的问题。 1）结论部分时态 过去时 a. 涉及本研究的内容 b. 涉及他人研究过程的内容 c. 作者认为只适用于本研究环境和条件的结论 现在时 a. 指示性说明 b. 普遍接受的思想、理论或结论 c. 作者认为本研究结论具有普遍意义 d. 前瞻性说明 举例：Ourfindings indicate that hepatitis C is a progressive disease[指示性说明-现在时]，butonlya few died during the average 20.4 years after the initiation ofinjectiondrug use [本试验过程中发生的事-过去时］.Antiviraltreatment to eradicate the virus and halt the progression ofdiseasesis indicated in this group of patients [作者认为具有普遍意义的结论-现在时]. 2）结论部分常用句型 结果提示… Theseresults suggest that… 举例：Thesedata confirm the presence of at least two major HCV genotypes inNigeria. 结果支持或反对某种观点 Theseresults support the idea that… Theseresults fail to support the idea that… 举例：Theseresults do not support the idea that treatment to lower cholesterolconcentration cause mood disturbance. 表示观点的确定或不确定性 Thereis no evidence that… Itis likely/unlikely that … 举例：Thereis no evidence that NIDDM produce any change in bone metabolism ormass. 具有…意义 Beof great (some/little/no) clinical significance in…to … 举例：Thedetection of p53 gene is of great clinical significance in tumordiagnosis. 前瞻性说明 …remaintobe further studied； Itis remains to be proved that … 举例：However,the relation of insulin resistance to hypertension remains to befurtherstudied. 插入语 Thisis the first case of pancreas divisum. 举例：Thisis the first case, to our knowledge, of pancreas divisum. 有需要视频学习的可以下载附件，若下载不了也可以私信~ |
回复此楼» 本帖附件资源列表
-
欢迎监督和反馈：小木虫仅提供交流平台，不对该内容负责。
本内容由用户自主发布，如果其内容涉及到知识产权问题，其责任在于用户本人，如对版权有异议，请联系邮箱：libolin3@tal.com - 附件 1 : 26个SCI写作教程不要错过.docx
2019-05-23 17:33:09, 68.83 K
» 猜你喜欢
求博导
已经有9人回复
-
基金开始函评了吗？
已经有8人回复
-
国社科项目，你们学校都限额申报吗？
已经有10人回复
-
博士论文被抄袭
已经有38人回复
-
真的好想读博！
已经有17人回复
-
南京大学-广州大学联合招聘博士后 欢迎广大优秀人才！！！
已经有12人回复
-
with editor 两个月了，什么原因？
已经有6人回复
-
Nature一直在编辑手里，考虑好几天了，是悬了吗
已经有9人回复
-
耗材发问
已经有4人回复
-
"颜宁:基础研究应顶天立地"能做到基础研究同时顶天立地的才是牛人
已经有3人回复
» 本主题相关商家推荐: (我也要在这里推广)
简单回复
2019-11-03 15:40
回复
三星好评 顶一下，感谢分享！
5