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In a typical synthesis, 1.2 g of
NaOH was dissolved in 2 mL of deionized water and then 8 mL
of ethanol and 20 mL of oleic acid were added under vigorously
stirring to form a transparent homogeneous solution. After
stirring for 20 min, 1 mmol (total amounts) of Ln(NO3)3
(Ln = Gd, Yb, Er, Tm, and Ho) with designed compositions was
added to the solution under vigorous stirring. An 8 mL portion of
NaF (1.0 M) aqueous solution was then added, and the resulting
mixture was stirred for another 30 min. Finally, the resulting
solution was transferred into a 50 mL stainless Teflon-lined
autoclave, sealed, and kept at 190 C for 24 h. After reaction, the
system was cooled to room temperature naturally and the
products were deposited at the bottom of the vessel. The asprepared
samples were separated by centrifugation and washed
with ethanol and deionized water several times to remove oleic
acid and other remnants and then dried in air at 60 C for 12 h.
Undoped NaGdF4 nanocrystals were synthesized by using the
same method at 190 C for 24 h.
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